Kran

History

Kran is located in the so-called Valley of the Thracian Kings, a region of Bulgaria known for the abundance of Thracian sites and artifacts. In 1995, a team of archaeologists headed by Georgi Kitov unearthed a Thracian tomb under Sarafova Mogila, a mound near the town. The tomb is known as Kran II and was built in the 4th century BC. The tomb is notable for the earliest known example of painted friezes in Thracian architecture. It is also among the earliest to make use of bricks and mortar as construction materials. The conservation of the Kran II tomb was completed in 2009 and the site was opened to the public. A Thracian sanctuary was discovered by archaeologists near the town in 2009. The sanctuary dates to 2200–1900 BC and also includes nine burials of infants. Kran is first mentioned under its modern name during the High Middle Ages. In 1190, the surviving Byzantine troops of a failed anti-Bulgarian campaign retreated to Kran en route to Beroia (today Stara Zagora). In the late 13th century, the fortress of Kran emerged as the capital of the Kran Despotate, an appanage of the Second Bulgarian Empire under the rule of despot Aldimir, younger brother of the Bulgarian Emperor George Terter I (r. 1280–1292). Aldimir may have already been in charge of the fortress in the 1280s and early 1290s, and he was certainly the lord of Kran from 1298 to 1305, under the regent queen Smiltsena and his own nephew Theodore Svetoslav (r. 1300–1322). In that year, the despotate was annexed by Theodore Svetoslav and direct rule from Tarnovo was restored. At the height of Aldimir's reign as despot of Kran, the fortress was the capital of a domain which extended from Yambol and Karnobat in the east to Kazanlak or Karlovo in the west.

Geography

Kran lies some north of the city of Kazanlak in the homonymous Kazanlak Valley. It is situated in direct vicinity of the Shipka Pass, a major pass through the Central Balkan Mountains. The mountains stand just to the north of the town. Among the amenities that the town offers are a motel and a camping site. As of 2010, Kran was the most populous village in Stara Zagora Province. Due to the village's population, the mayor Temenuzhka Lyutskanova formally suggested that it be proclaimed a town. In October 2011, Kran was formally declared a town by a decision of the Council of Ministers. The industry of the town is represented by the spring factory Zavod za pruzhini AD, founded in 1974 as part of the Kazanlak-based Arsenal AD firearms manufacturing company. Since 1999, the factory has been a separate joint-stock company.

Most-observed species

• Common Buzzard

  Buteo buteo (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  112
• White Stork

  Ciconia ciconia (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  97
• corn bunting

  Emberiza calandra Linnaeus, 1758 · Aves
  82
• Great Tit

  Parus major Linnaeus, 1758 · Aves
  81
• Common Chaffinch

  Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758 · Aves
  77
• Great Cormorant/European Shag

  Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  69
• Gray/Purple Heron

  Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758 · Aves
  65
• European Goldfinch

  Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  57

Most recent

• M 3.6 — 2023-10-23
  7 km NNE of Sadovo, Bulgaria
• M 4.6 — 2023-06-07
  Bulgaria
• M 4.5 — 2020-05-01
  6 km SW of Rakovski, Bulgaria
• M 4 — 2018-02-22
  9 km SSW of Asenovgrad, Bulgaria
• M 4.4 — 2018-02-21
  3 km NNW of Asenovgrad, Bulgaria
• M 4.5 — 2017-11-26
  2 km S of Anton, Bulgaria