Salesópolis

Geography

The boundaries of Salesópolis are Santa Branca to the north, Paraibuna to the northeast, Caraguatatuba to the east, São Sebastião to the southeast, Bertioga to the south, Biritiba-Mirim to the west, and Guararema to the northwest. The Upper Tietê River Basin covers nearly the same area as the Metropolitan Region of Greater São Paulo, with a total area of about , and is composed of 34 municipalities. Salesópolis, located within this basin and about from the state capital, has an area of approximately , with 98% of its territory lying within the Protection and Recovery Area of Water Sources (APRM-ATC). The region’s terrain is characterised by hills and rolling uplands, with altitudes ranging from roughly , and the Serra do Mar mountain range standing out in the southern, southeastern, and southwestern parts of the area. Floodplains can be found along the lower stretches of the rivers. The Tietê River Basin has two main tributaries. The Claro River, whose basin was expropriated by the state government, flows into the Tietê River, and its waters are dammed by the Ponte Nova Reservoir. The Paraitinga River rises in Paraibuna, passes through urban areas, and flows into the Tietê River in the municipality of Biritiba Mirim. The Tietê River is the main source of public water supply for the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. Its source lies at an altitude of around , among the crystalline rocks of the Atlantic Plateau, in the district of Pedra Rajada, springing from several natural springs emerging from a sandy layer.

Most-observed species

• Sayaca Tanager

  Thraupis sayaca (Linnaeus, 1766) · Aves
  2,156
• Great Kiskadee

  Pitangus sulphuratus (Linnaeus, 1766) · Aves
  2,021
• Rufous-browed Peppershrike

  Cyclarhis gujanensis (Gmelin, 1789) · Aves
  1,937
• Ruddy Ground-Dove

  Columbina talpacoti (Temminck, 1810) · Aves
  1,813
• Picazuro Pigeon

  Patagioenas picazuro (Temminck, 1813) · Aves
  1,812
• Rufous-bellied Thrush

  Turdus rufiventris Vieillot, 1818 · Aves
  1,747
• Ruby-crowned Tanager

  Tachyphonus coronatus (Vieillot, 1822) · Aves
  1,715
• Rufous-collared Sparrow

  Zonotrichia capensis (P.L.S.Müller, 1776) · Aves
  1,702