Bayreuth

Sister cities

• Annecy
• La Spezia
• Rudolstadt
• Tekirdağ

History

The town is believed to have been founded by the counts of Andechs probably around the mid-12th century, but was first mentioned in 1194 as Baierrute in a document by Bishop Otto II of Bamberg. The syllable -rute may mean Rodung or "clearing", whilst Baier- indicates immigrants from the Bavarian region. Already documented earlier, were villages later merged into Bayreuth: Seulbitz (in 1035 as the royal Salian estate of Silewize in a document by Emperor Conrad II) and St. Johannis (possibly 1149 as Altentrebgast). Even the district of Altstadt (formerly Altenstadt) west of the town centre must be older than the town of Bayreuth itself. Even older traces of human presence were found in the hamlets of Meyernberg: pieces of pottery and wooden crockery were dated to the 9th century based on their decoration. While Bayreuth was previously (1199) referred to as a villa ("village"), the term civitas ("town") appeared for the first time in a document published in 1231. One can therefore assume that Bayreuth was awarded its town charter between 1200 and 1230. The town was ruled until 1248 by the counts of Andechs-Merania. After they died out in 1260 the burgraves of Nuremberg from the House of Hohenzollern took over the inheritance. As early as 1361 Emperor Charles IV conferred on Burgrave Frederick V the right to mint coins for the towns of Bayreuth and Kulmbach. In 1398 Bayreuth was partitioned from Nuremberg, becoming the Principality of Bayreuth (). Until 1604, however, the princely residence and the centre of the territory was the castle of Plassenburg in Kulmbach and as such the territory was officially known as the Principality of Kulmbach. The town of Bayreuth developed slowly and was affected time and again by disasters. Bayreuth was first published on a map in…

Geography

Bayreuth lies on the Red Main river, the southern of the two headstreams of the river Main, between the Fichtelgebirge Mountains and Franconian Switzerland. The town is also part of the Nuremberg Metropolitan Region. The borough of Bayreuth is divided into 39 districts: * 1: Westliche Innenstadt (Western town centre) * 2: Östliche Innenstadt/Obere Röth (Eastern town centre) * 3: Cosima-Wagner-Straße/ Nürnberger Straße/Universitätsstraße * 4: Südöstliche Innenstadt (Southeastern town centre) * 5: Südwestliche Innenstadt (Southwestern town centre) * 6: Birken * 7: Justus-Liebig-Straße/Quellhöfe/Rückertweg * 8: Leuschnerstraße/Ludwig-Thoma-Straße * 9: Saas, originated from the parish village Saas, which was mentioned as early as 1528 in connection with the Baptists * 10: Bismarckstraße/Friedrichstraße/Moritzhöfen * 11: Freiheitsplatz/Malerviertel * 12. Erlanger Straße/Wolfsgasse * 13: Jakobshof * 14: Hetzennest/Braunhof/Fantaisiestraße * 15: Meyernberg * 16: Nördlicher Roter Hügel * 17: Grüner Hügel/Wendelhöfen * 18: Kreuz * 19: Herzoghöhe/Am Bauhof * 20: Nördliche Innenstadt * 21: Carl-Schüller-Straße/Bürgerreuther Straße/Gutenbergstraße * 22: Gartenstadt * 23: Bürgerreuth/Gravenreutherstraße * 24: Sankt Georgen (Bayreuth)/Grüner Baum/Burg * 25: Östliche Hammerstatt * 26: Westliche Hammerstatt * 27: Bernecker Straße/Insel/Riedelsberg * 28: Industriegebiete St. Georgen * 29: St. Johannis * 30: Neue Heimat * 31: Oberkonnersreuth * 32: Laineck * 33: Westlicher Roter Hügel * 34: Eubener Straße/Furtwänglerstraße/Schupfenschlag/Hohe Warte * 35: Seulbitz * 36: Aichig/Grunau * 37: Thiergarten/Destuben * 38: Oberpreuschwitz * 39: Wolfsbach Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate…