Ingolstadt

Sister cities

• Murska Sobota
• Carrara
• Moscow
• Kirkcaldy
• Győr
• Opole
• Grasse
• Kragujevac
• Manisa

History

Ingolstadt was first mentioned in a document of Charlemagne on 6 February 806 as "Ingoldes stat", i.e. "the place of [a person named] Ingold". , Ingolstadt was granted city status. Ingolstadt was the capital of the Duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt between 1392 and 1447. Ingolstadt was then united with Bavaria-Landshut. Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria ordered the building of the New Castle as well as the (, also ), also known as "Upper Parish" (Obere Pfarr), whose form was strongly influenced by French Gothic architecture. In 1472, Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria founded the University of Ingolstadt, which became LMU Munich. In 1800, it was moved to Landshut and in 1826 eventually to Munich. The University of Ingolstadt was an influential defender of the Catholic Church during the Reformation era, led by such notable scholars as Johann Eck. Ingolstadt is where William IV, Duke of Bavaria wrote and signed the Bavarian Reinheitsgebot in 1516. On 30 April 1632, the German field marshal Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly died at Ingolstadt during a Swedish siege of the city. The field marshal had been badly wounded in a previous engagement with the Swedes under King Gustavus Adolphus. Ingolstadt proved to be the first fortress in Germany that held out for the entire length of the Swedish siege, and the Swedes eventually withdrew. Gustavus Adolphus' horse's remains can be seen in the City Museum. The horse was shot from under the king by one of the cannons inside the fortress, a cannon known as "The Fig". When the Swedes withdrew, the city preserved the remains of the king's horse, eventually putting the on display. It has remained thus for almost 400 years. In 1748, Adam Weishaupt, the founder of the Order of Illuminati, was born in Ingolstadt. After the French invasion in 1799, the…

Geography

Covering an urban area of , Ingolstadt is geographically Bavaria's fourth-largest city after Munich, Nuremberg, and Augsburg. At its largest point, the city is about from east to west and from north to south about . The city boundary has a length of . The city boundary is about away from the geographic centre of Bavaria in Kipfenberg. The old town is approximately above sea level and the highest point, located in the district of Pettenhofen, is . The lowest point of the Schutter confluence with the Danube is at above sea level. Ingolstadt uses Central European Time throughout Germany; the average time lag is 14 minutes. The city is expanding at the northern and southern banks of the Danube in a wide, flat bowl. The Ingolstadt basin borders the Franconian Jura foothills, located south and to the north of the . In the southwest is the Old Bavarian Donaumoos, while in the east, the lowland forests of the Danube reach into the urban area. It is the second-largest hardwood floodplain on the Danube. The Sandrach, the former southern main branch of the Danube, partly forms the southern city border. In the north, the Schutter flows through from the west, reaching the Danube near the old town.