Santa Coloma de Gramenet

Sister cities

• Edchera
• Huelma
• Habana del Este
• Cabra
• Villa El Salvador
• Kilmarnock
• Cogoleto
• Herstal
• Telavi
• Alès

History

Various archaeological finds from the Neolithic and Eneolithic times, discovered within the Santa Coloma de Gramenet area, reveal the presence of human groups at least from the year 3500 BC. It seems that between the 10th and 6th centuries BC. Several migrations from the north arrived in the area that converged a short time later in the settlement of the Iberian tribe of Layetanos, established in the 6th or 5th century B.C. in Puig Castellar, in the extreme north of the current municipality. They occupied the entire coastal strip from Sitges to Blanes, and their culture survived until the strong impact of the Roman conquest (3rd century B.C.) marked the beginning of their progressive extinction. The town of Puig Castellar was probably abandoned at the beginning of the 2nd century B.C. There are hardly any data on the population in Roman and Visigothic times. It seems that there were several villages scattered in the valley, near the Besòs, very influenced by the neighboring cities: Baetulo (Badalona), active until the 2nd century A.D., and Barcino (Barcelona). After the relative abandonment of the Saracen invasion, from the 9th century the repopulation of the sector began. The new settlers, coming from the north, had to know the tradition of the martyrdom of Santa Coloma (Santa Columba de Sens, sacrificed by the Romans in Gaul in the year 274, when she was only 17 years old) and it is probable that a pre-Romanesque church was dedicated to her. which was destroyed by Almanzor in 985. A Romanesque temple was built in the same place, documented since 1019, which survived as a parish church for more than seven centuries. Around this church the first urban nucleus began to form, which coexisted with some old farmhouses.

Most-observed species

• Eurasian Magpie

  Pica pica (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  25,496
• Common Wood-Pigeon

  Columba palumbus Linnaeus, 1758 · Aves
  24,026
• Sardinian Warbler

  Curruca melanocephala (J.F.Gmelin, 1789) · Aves
  23,325
• House Sparrow

  Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  22,754
• European Serin

  Serinus serinus (Linnaeus, 1766) · Aves
  21,201
• European Robin

  Erithacus rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758) · Aves
  19,939
• Rock Pigeon

  Columba livia J.F.Gmelin, 1789 · Aves
  19,870
• Yellow-legged Gull

  Larus michahellis J.F.Naumann, 1840 · Aves
  19,367

Most recent

• M 4.1 — 2010-12-19
  4 km W of Llagostera, Spain
• M 3.8 — 2008-08-16
  Spain
• M 2.6 — 2008-08-07
  3 km E of Susqueda, Spain
• M 2.8 — 2008-07-23
  6 km W of Santa Coloma de Farners, Spain
• M 2.7 — 2008-07-23
  6 km W of Santa Coloma de Farners, Spain
• M 2.9 — 2008-07-23
  3 km W of Santa Coloma de Farners, Spain