Perth

Sister cities

• Bydgoszcz
• Aschaffenburg
• Pskov
• Cognac
• Perth
• City of Perth
• Haikou

History

Perth developed from an initial plan of two parallel streets: High Street and South Street, linked by several vennels leading north and south. The names of these vennels have historic origins, and many—such as Cow Vennel and Fleshers' Vennel—recall the trades associated with their foundation. South Street was originally terminated at its eastern end by Gowrie House (site of today's Perth Sheriff Court). Upon its demolition in the early 19th century, direct access was granted to the river. The presence of Scone two miles (3 km) northeast, the main royal centre of the Kingdom of Alba from at least the reign of Kenneth I (843–858), and later the site of the major Augustinian abbey of the same name founded by Alexander I (1107–1124), enhanced Perth's early importance. Perth was considered the effective capital of Scotland, due to the frequent residence of the royal court. Royal burgh status was awarded to the city by King William the Lion in the early 12th century. During the 12th and 13th centuries, Perth was one of the richest trading burghs in the kingdom (along with such places as Berwick-upon-Tweed, Aberdeen and Roxburgh), a residence of numerous craftsmen, organised into guilds (the Hammermen and Glovers, for example). Perth also carried out an extensive trade with France, The Low Countries and the Baltic Countries with luxury goods being brought back in return, such as Spanish silk and French pottery and wine. Perth's low-lying situation at the highest tidal reach of the Tay and close to its confluence with the River Almond make it vulnerable to flooding. In the autumn of 1209 the town was inundated when the Tay and Almond burst their banks. The bridge over the Tay and the chapel of St. Mary that stood upon it were swept away and King William, his son…

Geography

Situated at the southern extremity of a spacious and fertile plain, Perth itself is flat (as are the areas immediately to the north, east and west), but it is nestled between the following hills (includes distance from Perth and summit height): ;To the east *Kinnoull Hill – , ;To the south-southeast *Moncreiffe Hill – , ;To the south-southwest *Friarton Hill – , *St Magdalene's Hill – , *Hilton Hill – , *Mailer Hill – , As with most of the British Isles, Perth has an oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) with cool summers and mild winters. The nearest Met Office weather station is at Strathallan, around from the centre of Perth.Temperatures extremes since 1960 have ranged from in January 1963 to in July 2022. However, a temperature of was recorded on 14 November 1919. As well as this, the temperature reached on 28 June 2018. The coldest temperature recorded in recent years is in December 2010. However, nearby Strathallan reported in February 2021. In an average year, the warmest day rises to around , and about four days exceed .