Ilok

History

The area of present-day Ilok was populated since the Neolithic and Bronze Age. One Scordisci archaeological site dating back to late La Tène culture was excavated in the 1970s and 1980s as a part of rescue excavations in eastern Croatia. The Romans settled there in the 1st or 2nd century and built Cuccium, the first border fortification on the Danube. The Slavs settled here in the 6th century. The area was later ruled by the Bulgarian Empire, with a period of Frankish and Croat rule under Ljudevit Posavski, but after that the Bulgarians return, and stayed there until it was included into the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. In 12th and 13th centuries the market-town of Ilok was mentioned in documents under various names (Iwnlak, Vilak, Vylok, Wyhok, Wylak). At the end of the 13th century, Hungarian kings gave the Vylak castrum to the powerful Csák noble family. In the 13th and 14th centuries, Ilok was a capital of the semi-independent medieval state of Upper Syrmia ruled by Ugrin Csák. After 1354, the town of Ilok belonged to Nicholas and Paul Garay (in Croatian references Gorjanski), and then to Nicholas Kont of Orahovica and his descendants, among which was his grandson Ladislaus, great-grandson Nicholas and the last member of the Újlaki (Iločki) family - Lawrence. Nicholas was the Ban of All Slavonia from 1457 to 1463, and his son, Lawrence was a duke of Syrmia from 1477 to 1524. In 1526, the town came under Ottoman rule. During this time, it was mainly populated by Muslims. In 1566–69, Ilok had 238 Muslim and 27 Christian houses. In 1572, it had 386 Muslim, and 18 Christian houses. In 1669, the population of Ilok numbered 1,160 houses, and town possessed two mosques. It was kaza centre in Sanjak of Syrmia. Habsburg army firstly occupied Ilok in 1688, but Ottomans…

Geography

Ilok forms a geographic salient surrounded by Vojvodina, Serbia. Located in the Syrmia region, it lies on the Fruška Gora hill overlooking the Danube river, which forms the border with the Bačka region of Serbia.

Most-observed species

• Small White

  Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758) · Insecta
  270
• Red Admiral

  Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758) · Insecta
  228
• Southern green stink bug

  Nezara viridula (Linnaeus, 1758) · Insecta
  165
• Harlequin ladybird, Asian ladybird, Asian ladybeetle

  Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) · Insecta
  140
• Comma

  Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) · Insecta
  110
• Map

  Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) · Insecta
  108
• Seven-spot Ladybird

  Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, 1758 · Insecta
  103
• Drone Fly

  Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758) · Insecta
  101

Most recent

• M 4 — 2026-05-05
  9 km WNW of Kupusina, Serbia
• M 2.8 — 2024-01-21
  2 km SSE of Solina, Bosnia and Herzegovina
• M 4.5 — 2023-05-19
  5 km E of Srebrenik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
• M 4.1 — 2022-02-10
  3 km SSE of Srebrenik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
• M 2.9 — 2019-09-22
  3 km ENE of Srebrenik, Bosnia and Herzegovina
• M 4.8 — 2019-08-30
  6 km NNW of Mramor, Bosnia and Herzegovina